RADIATION SAFETY
2008 Fluoro Refresher Exam
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1) Badges must be turned in on time because if they are returned late ______________
a) The results may be underestimated
b) A late charge will be assessed if the badge is not returned on time
c) The results may be overestimated since a control may not be subtracted
d) B and C

2) What are three general radiation safety practices to reduce dose?
a) Time, Distance, Shielding
b) Keeping the x-ray tube as far away from the patient as possible, never using collimation, placing the image intensifier as far away from the patient as possible
c) Placing the image intensifier as far away from the patient as possible, using collimation, keeping the x-ray tube as close to the patient as possible
d) None of the above

3) True or False: All personnel involved with a procedure should not be wearing a lead apron while the fluoro unit is in operation.
a) True
b) False

4) The x-ray tube should be placed _____________ in order to minimize skin entrance dose rate to the patient. The image intensifier should be _________ in order to decrease the skin entrance exposure rate to the patient and reduce scatter radiation to the staff.
a) as close to the patient as possible / as far away from the patient as possible
b) as close to the patient as possible / as close to the patient as possible
c) as far away from the patient as possible / as close to the patient as possible
d) as far away from the patient as possible / as far away from the patient as possible

5) Which dose will result in the participant receiving a Level II ALARA letter and an interview with the RSO?
a) 500 mrem per quarter
b) 25 mrem per quarter
c) 175 mrem per quarter
d) 200 mrem per quarter

6) What is the best way to reduce patient and staff exposure?
a) Increasing the distance for staff
b) Keeping beam time to a minimum
c) Keeping the x-ray tube as close to the patient as possible
d) Wearing your lead apron

7) ____________ is the primary health effect from working with radiation. This risk is ________ than that due to other occupational hazards for personnel adhering to regulatory dose limits.
a) Highly elevated risk of cancer, much greater
b) Moderately elevated risk of HIV infection, much greater
c) Slightly elevated risk of cancer; no greater
d) Highly elevated risk of diabetes, much much greater

8) What is the yearly maximum permissible occupational dose to skin or extremity for a rad worker?
a) 100 mrem
b) 50,000 mrem
c) 5,000 mrem
d) 375 mrem

9) A Level I ALARA letter will be sent and if more than _______ mrem is received in one quarter.
a) 325 mrem
b) 50 mrem
c) 375 mrem
d) 125 mrem

10) If you currently wear a dosimeter at the U of R and also work at another facility where you also wear dosimetry you should:
a) notify Radiation Safety of the facility where you work so that we can monitor your combined exposure.
b) notify your supervisor
c) notify U of R security
d) do nothing. Radiation Safety does not need to know about other facilities where you are issued a dosimeter.

11) Who may operate (turn on) a fluoroscopy machine?
a) Registered Nurses, when a physician requests it
b) Any radiation worker when requested by a physician
c) Licensed radiologic technologist or credentialed professional practitioner
d) All of the above

12) What is the proper location to store badge/dosimeter after a shift/procedure?
a) On lead apron
b) Bring home with you
c) On lab coat in operating room
d) On a control board in a non radiation area

13) The dose rate at 6 feet from a radiation source is ________ of the dose rate at 3 feet from the radiation source
a) 75%
b) 25%
c) 15%
d) 50%

14) Who should be in the room during a fluoro procedure while the unit is operating?
a) Anyone who is a radiation worker
b) Anyone with an interest in the case
c) Only those personnel involved with the procedure
d) All of the above

15) Which of the following statements is not correct?
a) A pregnancy must be reported to the Radiation Safety Department as soon as it is discovered.
b) Declaring a pregnancy is voluntary and not required.
c) The dose to an embryo/fetus, due to occupational exposure of a declared pregnant woman, shall not exceed 500 millirem during the entire pregnancy and 50 millirem in any month after the pregnancy is declared.
d) When a woman voluntarily declares pregnancy, in writing, Radiation Safety shall review past exposure history and provide exposure counseling.

16) Who among of the following may order fluoroscopy?
a) Certified nurse practitioner working under a practice agreement with a credentialed physician
b) Professional practitioners
c) Physician’s assistants working under the authority of a credentialed physician
d) All of the above

17) When should collimation be used and what effect does it have on patient and staff exposure?
a) Only in cases of large patients, it decreases the patient exposure and scatter to staff
b) Never, it increases the patient exposure and scatter to staffm
c) Always, it decreases patient exposure and reduces scatter to staff
d) Only in cases of pediatric patients, it decreases the patient exposure and scatter to staff

18) Does the size of the patients have any effect on the radiation exposure to the patient and staff? If so, why?
a) Yes, the larger the patient the higher technique that is needed resulting in an increased dose to patient and staff.
b) Yes, the larger the patient the higher the radiation exposure to the patient and lower radiation exposure to staff because a larger amount of radiation is absorbed by the patient.
c) No, the size of the patient has no effect on the radiation exposure to the patient and staff.

19) If the participant is issued two dosimeters (badges) and one finger ring, what is the appropriate location to wear each?
a) One badge outside the lead apron on the collar, (CL) one badge outside lead apron at waist level (TR) and the finger ring on the outside of gloves.
b) One badge outside lead apron on the collar, (CL), one badge underneath lead apron at waist level (TR), and the finger ring underneath gloves. The finger ring can be worn while hands are being scrubbed.
c) One badge underneath the lead apron on the collar, (CL), one badge outside lead apron at waist level (TR) and the finger ring on the outside of gloves.
d) One badge outside lead apron on the collar, (CL), one badge underneath lead apron at waist level (TR), and the finger ring underneath gloves. The finger ring should not be worn while hands are being scrubbed.

20) What is the yearly maximum permissible occupational dose whole body (total effective dose equivalent) for a rad worker?
a) 200 mrem
b) 50,000 mrem
c) 100 mrem
d) 5,000 mrem

2008 Radiation Safety FLUORO Refresher